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Using a VPN is a terrific way to shield your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a rear door to get beyond the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a rear door or similar hack exists, it becomes a target, a decoration for the bad guys. It'll leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, in the event that you wanted to keep a document key you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with those options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. Another creates a virtual disk that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, all the documents you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, some products save your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a much bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial provided by each of these products to get a feel for the different options.
After you copy a file into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you bypass the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disc, and data recovery utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the file in location, literally overwriting it on disk with an encrypted version. It is more common, however, to provide secure deletion as an option. If you choose something that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery functions because the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other file into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the products accumulated here service AES. Even those that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption expert, you might prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. The other is personal, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can create an electronic signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it's all of the evidence you need. PKI support is less click reference common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a file with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.